ICSE Class 8 History & Civics · Solutions for Class 8 ICSE DN Kundra History & Civics Goyal Brothers · 18 solved questions
Exercise
1Objective Type Questions
Read the two statements given below about the Supreme Court of India. Select the option that shows the correct relationship between (A) and (R).
Assertion (A): The number of Judges in the Supreme Court is fixed by Parliament from time to time.
Reason (R): The Chief Justice and other judges of the Supreme Court hold office till they complete sixty two years of age.
(a)(R) contradicts (A)
(b)(R) is the reason for (A)
(c)(A) is true but (R) is false
(d)(A) and (R) are independent of each other
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(A) is true but (R) is false
Explanation — The Chief Justice and other judges of the Supreme Court hold office till they complete sixty-five years of age.
2Objective Type Questions
Identify the functions of the Supreme Court.
P: Original Jurisdiction
Q: Appellate Jurisdiction
R: New Jurisdiction
S: Old Jurisdiction
(a)P and Q
(b)R and S
(c)P and R
(d)Q and S
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P and Q
3Objective Type Questions
Joyce is preparing a project on the cases associated with thefts, robberies, killing, physical injury, rioting etc. Which of the following types of cases would MOST LIKELY be part of her project?
(a)Civil cases
(b)Criminal cases
(c)Bankruptcy cases
(d)Family cases
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Criminal cases
4Objective Type Questions
Which of the following High Courts is being depicted by the given picture?
(a)Mumbai High Court
(b)Delhi High Court
(c)Calcutta High Court
(d)Allahabad High Court
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Calcutta High Court
5Objective Type Questions
Consider the statements given below and choose the correct answer.
Statement I: The Supreme Court supervises the functions of all the subordinate courts in the state.
Statement II: The Lok Adalats have proved very effective in providing speedy justice to people.
(a)Statement (I) is correct and statement (II) is incorrect.
(b)Statement (I) is incorrect and statement (II) is correct.
(c)Both statements (I) and (II) are incorrect.
(d)Both statements (I) and (II) are correct.
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Statement (I) is incorrect and statement (II) is correct.
6Objective Type Questions
The first Lok Adalat was organised at ............... .
(a)Nasik
(b)Junagarh
(c)Allahabad
(d)Bhopal
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Junagarh
7Objective Type Questions
Original jurisdiction means the authority to hear cases for the ............... .
(a)fourth time
(b)third time
(c)second time
(d)first time
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first time
8Objective Type Questions
The courts at the district level and below it are known as the ............... Courts.
(a)District court
(b)Judiciary
(c)Subordinate
(d)None of these
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Subordinate
9Objective Type Questions
Laws are made by ............... .
(a)Legislature
(b)Council of Ministers
(c)Judiciary
(d)Executive
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Legislature
10Objective Type Questions
The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court is appointed by the ............... .
(a)Prime Minister
(b)President
(c)Home Minister
(d)Law Minister
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President
1Answer the following questions
Why is the Judiciary important?
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The Judiciary is important because it interprets the laws, explains their meaning, and gives punishment to lawbreakers. It ensures that laws made by the legislature and carried out by the executive are properly understood and fairly applied.
2Answer the following questions
What is the composition of the Supreme Court?
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The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice and 33 other judges. The number of judges in the Supreme Court is fixed by Parliament from time to time.
3Answer the following questions
Who appoints the judges of the Supreme Court?
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The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court is appointed by the President of India. Other judges are also appointed by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
4Answer the following questions
Describe the powers and functions of the High Courts of India. What type of cases come before the High Courts in India?
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Like the Supreme Court of India, a High Court has to perform many functions and duties of judicial and non-judicial nature.
Original Jurisdiction : The original field of the judicial functions of the High Court is very limited. Cases relating to Fundamental Rights, marriage and divorce, wills and laws can be brought directly to a High Court.
Appellate Jurisdiction : Appeals in civil and criminal cases are made to the High Court against the decision of the subordinate courts.
The High Court supervises the functions of all the subordinate courts in the state. It can also transfer a case from a subordinate court to itself or to another subordinate court if a necessity arises. It can also examine their records.
It also has the power to issue various writs for the protection of individuals and safeguarding their rights.
5Answer the following questions
What are the functions of a District Judge?
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A District Judge works in the District Courts, which are part of the lower level of the judicial pyramid. They handle civil cases at the district level, which involves interpreting laws and giving punishment to lawbreakers.
6Answer the following questions
Distinguish between civil and criminal cases.
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The cases brought before the courts can be categorised into two types — Criminal cases and Civil cases.
Criminal Cases : These cases concern thefts, robberies, killing, physical injury, rioting, etc.
Civil Cases : These pertain to family matters like property disputes, marriage disputes, contracts, damage to goods, etc.
1Assertion-Reason Type Questions
Assertion (A): In India, the judiciary is independent of the executive.
Reason (R): Judiciary favours the government and helps in the implementation of its plans.
(a)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c)Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d)Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation — The judiciary does not favour the government or implement its plans, its role is to interpret laws and deliver justice impartially, not to serve the executive.
2Assertion-Reason Type Questions
Assertion (A): The rule making power of the Supreme Court is not subject to any law made by the Parliament of India.
Reason (R): Only an impartial and independent judiciary can protect the rights of individual without fear or favour.
(a)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c)Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d)Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Explanation
Under Article 145 of the Constitution of India, the Supreme Court has the power to make rules for regulating its practice and procedure, but this power is expressly “subject to any law made by Parliament.” So the statement “The rule making power of the Supreme Court is not subject to any law made by the Parliament of India” is incorrect. The Reason, “Only an impartial and independent judiciary can protect the rights of individual without fear or favour,” is a correct and widely accepted constitutional principle about the role of the judiciary in a democracy.
Hence, Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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