Give the output of the following:

(a)

9

The method compareTo() compares two strings lexicographically by evaluating the Unicode value of each character from left to right until a mismatch is found.

1. 'R' (82) vs 'R' (82) → same.
2. 'O' (79) vs 'O' (79) → same.
3. 'S' (83) vs 'J' (74) → difference = 83 - 74 = 9.

Since a mismatch occurs at the third character, the comparison stops; therefore, the characters 'E' and 'A' are not compared.

Hence, the method returns 9.

(b)

LELICATE

The replace('D', 'L') method substitutes every occurrence of the character 'D' in the string "DEDICATE" with 'L', resulting in "LELICATE".